THE EVOLUTION OF INDIA-NIGERIA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS: FROM POST-COLONIAL TIES TO STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS​

Abstract: India and Nigeria share a historically significant diplomatic relationship rooted in their post-colonial struggles and aspirations for economic and political self-determination. Despite decades of engagement, there remains a gap in understanding the evolving nature of this relationship, particularly in the context of contemporary global challenges. This study examines the trajectory of India-Nigeria relations, focusing on key phases from early diplomatic engagements to modern strategic partnerships.

The research adopts a qualitative methodology, drawing on historical and contemporary sources, policy documents, and scholarly analyses. Grounded in the theory of South-South Cooperation, the study explores how shared colonial experiences, economic complementarities, and mutual geopolitical interests have shaped bilateral ties.

Findings indicate that India and Nigeria have transitioned from post-colonial solidarity to a dynamic economic and strategic partnership. While trade and investment remain central, cooperation has expanded into energy, defense, education, and cultural exchanges. However, challenges such as trade imbalances, bureaucratic bottlenecks, and shifting global alliances pose constraints.

This study is significant as it enhances understanding of how emerging powers in the Global South can foster mutually beneficial partnerships. It concludes that while India-Nigeria relations have been largely positive, a more structured engagement is necessary to address existing challenges. It is recommended that both nations institutionalize dialogue mechanisms, diversify economic collaboration, and strengthen people-to-people ties to sustain and deepen their partnership in the evolving global order.

Keywords: Diplomacy, Economic Partnership, Strategic Partnership